Item details
Item ID
KK1-1833
Title Hkrit n chye ai la (The fearless man) with English translation
Description Translation (Htoi Awng)
Once upon a time, there were a father and his two sons in a village. The eldest son, Ma Gam, was intelligent and educated. But the second son, Ma Naw, was stupid. He was not afraid of anything. One day, Ma Naw asked his father, "Dad, I don't know what fear is. I want to find out about it." The father told him, "I will tell you if you want to know." But Ma Naw said, "I want to feel it, Dad." His father said, "Then, I can't help you." The father couldn't show what fear was for his son. Ma Naw kept asking the same question every day. And he told his dad, "Dad, I will find a teacher who can teach me about the fear." His father got angry when he was asking him the same question every day. So, the father said, "Okay, I will give you some money and gold to learn the fear. You can go and learn it anywhere." Ma Naw took that money and gold and set forth the journey. On his way, there was a restaurant. Since he was hungry, he went into it to eat a meal. He asked the owner, "Hello boss! Is there anyone who can teach about the fear around your neighborhood?" The owner thought for a while and said, "There is no one who can teach you about it here. But there is a scary cave where the princess was kidnapped. If you go there, you will know what fear is." Then, Ma Naw requested the owner, "Please, show me the way to the king's palace." The owner took him to the palace. And the owner of the restaurant said, "My king! This boy wants to know about the fear. I think we can take him to the cave where the princess was kidnapped." The king said, "Fine. If you really want to know about the fear, I can take you there. And, I will let you marry with my daughter if you can save her." The king took him to the cave. The king asked him, "Will you be okay to go there? No one could ever sleep even a night! Everyone runs away from the cave." The boy firmly answered, "I want to know what fear is. So, I will go there." When he arrived there, he prepared to sleep in the cave. He lit the fire and was lying in his bed. Soon, his bed was shaking. So, he was surprised why his bed was shaking. At that time, a group of scary ghosts were coming out and dancing in the cave. He thought, "They are talented in dancing. I should learn from them." So, he stood up and joined their dancing. After dancing for a long time, the ghosts returned to their place. The next morning, the king came to him and asked, "How was your night? Can you feel fear now?" He answered, "Last night, there were many people who showed me how to dance. Some had no eyes, and some had broken legs and arms. But they are very talented at dancing. I danced together with them. I still do not know what fear is." On the second night, Ma Naw was building a campfire and sitting beside it. At that time, four men carrying the dead body came towards him. They dropped the dead body right in front of the boy. The boy felt pity for the dead body. When he touched the dead body, he felt the dead body was icy. So, he put the corpse on his bed and covered him with a blanket. Then he hugged the corpse to get warmth. The corpse was getting warm. After a few minutes, the corpse got up and asked the boy, "What are you doing here? I am going to eat you alive." Ma Naw got angry and said, "I saved your life! But you are ungrateful.! You better be dead like earlier." Then, he pushed the corpse hard. The corpse became freeze again and couldn't get up. At that time, the four men came back again and took the dead body away. The next day, the king came to the cave and asked Ma Naw, "Do you know what fear is now?" Ma Naw said, "My king! Don't even say about the fear. Last night, the four men came to the cave and dropped a corpse in front of me. Sine the corpse was freezing, I gave him warmth and brought him back to life. But he tried to kill me. So, I made him dead again. I still do not know about the fear is." On the third night, an older man came to him. The old man gave an axe to him and said, "Let's fight with the axes. If one of us dies, let's bury the dead one right here. The one who is alive can go out from this place." The boy agreed with the old man, and they started fighting with the axes. There was a human sculpture inside the cave. It was hung with steel. The old man lost and ran inside the cave. There, his hand was stuck at the steel-string. Ma Naw beat him up. The old man begged him, "Please don't beat me. I will show you where the princess is." Ma Naw told him, "Okay, show me right now." The man agreed to show where the princess was kept the following day. On the fourth day, the old man took the boy to the princess. Ma Naw brought the princess back to the palace. Ma Naw told the king, "Now, I know what fear is. I'm afraid to lose the princess. This is what I learn." The king said to him, "Now you know what fear is. Since you have saved my daughter's life, I will arrange a wedding for you two. You can live with my daughter in this palace. You will be the heir of the crown." In the end, they lived happily together for the rest of their lives.

Transcription (Lu Awng)
Moi shawng de kahtawng langai mi kaw she dai shan wa ni 3 nga ai da. Shan wa ni 3 nga re she dai shan nau gaw magam manaw re da. Magam manaw re she kahpu gaw bawnu grai ram ai da. Shi ma grai chye ai da. Chye re she kanau gaw grai anya ai da. Anya ai hta sha n ga shi gaw tsun ga nga yang hkrit ma n chye hkrit ai da yaw. Nchye hkrit re she kawa hpe tsun sai da, lani mi na ten hta a wa e ngai mungkan ga n tsa kaw hkrit ai ngu ai kaning re rai ngu tsun she kawa wa gaw nang hkrit ai ngu lam ni hpe nang chye mayu yang wa tsun dan na ngu tsun. Tsun dan tim shi gaw dai hpe ngai i dai hku chye nan chye mayu ai tatut hkrum sha mayu ai ngu tsun ai da. Dai shaloi she kawa gaw a wa tatut gaw gara hku mung n chye sharin ya ai hkrit ai ngu hpe gara hku n chye sharin ya ai ngu tsun ai da, dai hku ngu tsun she shani shagu dai hku hkrai tsun. A wa e ngai hkrit ai ngu lam chye sharin ya ai sara kaw ngai sa sharin na ngu tsun ai da. Shani shagu dai hku tsun jang she kawa gaw pawt mayu wa na she maw mai ai, nang dai ram ram sharin mayu yang gaw nang e ngai ja gumhpraw lap 25 jaw dat na dai hte nang sa sharin u ngu. Maw nang myit dik ai nang myit hkawng hkrang ai wa kaw sa sharin u ngu na jaw dat ai da. Dai hku re na shi gaw hkawm mat wa sai da. Nta kaw na pru mat wa re she lu sha seng langai mi kaw du ai da. Lusha seng langai kaw du she , shi gaw shat sha nga re yang she dai lusha seng kaw na madu wa hpe san ai da. E nta madu wa e ndai makau grup yin ndai kaw hkrit ai, hkrit chye ai hpaji hkrit chye ai dai wa gara hku, hkrit ai ngu gara hku, kaning re ngu hpe sharin ya chye ai sara nga ai i ngu san ai da. Dai shaloi she e dan re gaw nnga ai retim, hkawhkam shayi sha hpe rim mat wa ai i, grai hkrit ra ai lungpu hku langai gaw nga ai ngu da. Nang dai kaw sa yang gaw hkrit ai kaning re ngu hpe nang chye na re ngu tsun ai da, dai shaloi she e dan nga yang gaw dai hkawhkam wa na nta kaw nye wa madun rit ngu tsun ai shaloi dai lusha seng madu wa gaw dai la wa hpe hkawhkam wang de woi sa mat wa sai da, woi sa mat wa re she hkawhkam wa she e hkawhkam wa e ndai wa gaw grai hkrit ai hpan hpaji sharin mayu ai da, dai majaw hkawhkam wa na kasha hpe rim mat wa ya ai lungpu hku de sa bang da ga ngu dai hku ngu tsun ai da, dai shaloi e mai ai, nang i , nang she sa na nga yang gaw mai ai dai majaw nang nye kasha hpe ma n hkrit ai sha lu la lu woi wa re jang gaw ngai nang hpe nye kasha hte hkungran jaw na nang nye kasha hpe lu woi hkra woi wa u ngu tsun ai da. Dai shaloi she wa sai da shan 2 dai hku hkawm wa she i dai kaw i lungpu kaw sa ai lam kaw lana mi pyi n gwi yup ai bai hprawng mat wa wa re nang gaw mai byin na i ngu tsun da, ngai hkrit ai ngu hpe chye mayu ai majaw ngai sa na ngu sa mat wa ai da. Sa mat wa re she lungpu hku kaw du sai da, lungpu hku kaw du she no 1 ngu na shana kaw yup ai da. Shi wan ni wut kra na galeng nga re shaloi she shi na yup ku kaw galeng nga she yup ku wa she a shun wa ai da, a shun wa she shi gaw ya yup ku hpa baw na a shun wa ta ngu da, dai hku ngu myit nga she nat ni wa she htawng ka ka na she n gyeng n gang ta ni n tu ai ni ka dan taw ai da. Htawng ka ka re shaloi shi gaw shi na myit hta sha gaw aga shi ram ram chye ka ai gaw ngai mung naw sharin la na re ngu she shi mung rawt na she nat ni htawng ka ka dan ai jahkrit sha ai kaw she shi gaw nat ni htawng ka ka dan ai kaw shi mung ka nang ai da. Ka nang re she dai ka nang na she nat ni ma wa mat sai da. Wa mat re shaloi shi bai yup sai da, hpang jahpawt hkawhkam wa bai sa sai da, e mana nang gara hku ta? hkrit ai ngu lam chye sai i ngu tsun she, e mana ngai mo nye htawng ka ka dan ai masha ngu majoi she law ai. Lagaw mung daw ai ni mung lawm ai myi man baw ai ni mung myitum malawk ai ni mung lawm ai, grai chye ka ai dan re ni hte she mana ngai agying ka ai ngu dai hku ngu tsun ai da. Hkrit ai ngu lam ngai ya du hkra n chye shi ai ngu tsun ai da. No 2 ngu na shana bai da no 2 ngu na shana bai du she wan wut kra nga ai da. Wan wut kra nga she ala 4 she mang si mang hpe wa she shi nga ai shara de hpai sa wa ai da. Hpai sa wa re shaloi she hpai sa wa na sa jahkrat da ai da. Sa jahkrat da she dai la wa gaw i i masha si ai wa matsan shayen gara hku wa si mat ai kun? hkum e sa jum yu re da, aga n dai ram ram lagyi ai gaw lum hkra naw di ya na re ngu na she dai la wa hpe she shi na yup ra kaw she tawn da na she n ba ni jahpun na shi gaw ahpum da ai da. A hpum da she si mang dai wa she bai lum wa ai le hkum ni bai shamu wa re she dai loi she dai si mang wa rawt wa na she e nang e ngai ya nang nye makau kaw hpa baw galaw nga ta?
Nang e ngai ya sha kau na lu, amya sha kau na lu ngu tsun ai da. Dai shaloi she si mang wa dai hku ngu she, dai la wa gaw ngai she ngai hkye tawn da ai wa hpe chyeju n dum ai i nang, nang ngai e sat na wa she bai myit wa i dai majaw oh mi na hku bai si u ngu dai hku ngu bai tsun na she htu kanawng galau kau dat she dai la wa mi na zawn zawn bai ja ja rai si mat ai da. Nsa bai n rawng mat she dai la 4 ja ja galu kaba re a chyang re si mang zawn ja ja re dai 4 hpe hpai mat wa ai da. Hpai mat wa re hapng shani gaw bai hkawhkam wa gaw bai du sai da, e nang mana na nang mana na ten hta nang hkrit ai ngu ai lam hpe chye sai i ngu tsun ai she e hkrit ai ngu hkum tsun, a la langai mi wa ja grai katsi na ngai shalum dat na n sa sa ai wa she ngai e wa sat na bai nga dai majaw ngai shi e kabai bai dai hku bai lahkyi kau dat na bai jaw kau dat ai dai majaw hkrit ai ngu lam ngai dai na du hkra nchye ai ngu tsun ai da. 3 na ngu shaloi bai du re she dingla langai sa wa ai da. Dingla dai wa she e maw ndai ningwa nang langai lang ngai langai lang an 2 ndai ningwa ndai hte kahtam hkat ga kahtam hkat na si ai wa gaw ndai kaw lup kau da. Hkrung ai wa gaw ndai shara kaw na pru wa ngu dai hku ngu tsun ai da. Mai ai ngu na ningwa hte kahtam hkat ai da. Shan 2 gaw shachyut kahtam hkat re shaloi she dai dingla wa she dai lungpu hku kata kaw she oh ra hpan masha zawn zawn re n lung hte dup da ai dai nga ai da, bau kaba langai ma nga ai da. Dai kaw she dai dingla wa hte kahtam hkat re she dai dingla wa na lata wa she dai bau na ntsa kaw noi da ai hpri sumri kaw matep mat ai da. Matep mat she dai dingla wa hpe dai la wa agying a byen ai da. A gying a byen re she e ngai i ngai hpe hkum sat kau ngai hpe hkawhkam shayi sha nga ai de ngai sa madun na ngu dai hku ngu tsun ai da, e dan nga yang sa madun ya sa madun ngu tsun ai da. Dai shaloi she dai 4 ya jahpawt ngu shaloi gaw dai hkawhkam kasha wa nga ai de sa madun na she dai hkawhkam shayi sha hpe woi wa ai da. Woi wa ai dai she dai hkawhkam wa hpe tsun ai da. Hkawhkam wa e ngu da, ngai chye sai da, hkrit ai ngu lam hpe ngai chye sai. Gara hku hkrit ai i ngu yang ngai hkawhkam wa na shayi sha hpe n lu la na hpe grai hkrit ai. Ngai hkrit ai ngu gaw dai sha naw lu sharin la ai ngu tsun ai da. Dai kaw na hkawhkam wa mung e ya nang hkrit ai ngu hpe ma chye sai. Nye kasha e mung lu hkye la sai majaw nang gaw ndai ngai na i hkawhkam wang kaw nang nga nan nga na ngai nye kasha hpe nga woi nga na, ngai nnga mat ai shaloi hkawhkam galaw u yaw ngu na shan 2 hpe grai pyaw hkra hkungran jaw kau ai da.
Origination date 2017-03-11
Origination date free form
Archive link https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/repository/KK1/1833
URL
Collector
Keita Kurabe
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Language as given Jinghpaw
Subject language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Content language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Dialect Standard Jinghpaw
Region / village Northern Myanmar
Originating university Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Operator
Data Categories primary text
Data Types Sound
Discourse type narrative
Roles Keita Kurabe : depositor
M. Ja Tawng : speaker
DOI 10.4225/72/598c8832e54d7
Cite as Keita Kurabe (collector), Keita Kurabe (depositor), M. Ja Tawng (speaker), 2017. Hkrit n chye ai la (The fearless man) with English translation. EAF+XML/MPEG/VND.WAV. KK1-1833 at catalog.paradisec.org.au. https://dx.doi.org/10.4225/72/598c8832e54d7
Content Files (3)
Filename Type File size Duration File access
KK1-1833-A.eaf application/eaf+xml 42.5 KB
KK1-1833-A.mp3 audio/mpeg 7.2 MB 00:07:52.632
KK1-1833-A.wav audio/vnd.wav 260 MB 00:07:52.625
3 files -- 267 MB -- --

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Collection Information
Collection ID KK1
Collection title Kachin folktales told in Jinghpaw
Description Recordings of Kachin folktales and related narratives in Jinghpaw. These materials were collected by Keita Kurabe, Gumtung Lu Awng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, Labang Tu La, Gumtung Htu Nan, and Lashi Seng Nan as part of community-based collaborative fieldwork in northern Myanmar. A total of 2,491 stories with 2,481 ELAN files, 2,481 transcriptions, and 1,437 translations are currently available (November 23, 2024). Transcriptions were contributed by Gumtung Lu Awng, Pausa La Ring, Galang Lu Hkawng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, and Keita Kurabe. Stories were translated by Nbanpa Rita Seng Mai, Sumlut Gun Mai, Lazing Htoi San, Maran Seng Pan, Dumdaw Mike Tu Awng, Nhkum Htoi Awng, and Keita Kurabe.

Animated stories are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK3
https://www.youtube.com/@kachinfolktales
https://www.facebook.com/KachinStories

Other Kachin culture and history are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK2

Our research was made possible under the support of JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17H04523, JP20K13024, JP20H01256, JP24K03887, Linguistic Dynamics Science 3 (LingDy3) from Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (TUFS), and JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers "A collaborative network for usage-based research on lesser-studied languages."
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Languages To view related information on a language, click its name
Access Information
Edit access Nick Thieberger
Keita Kurabe
View/Download access
Data access conditions Open (subject to agreeing to PDSC access conditions)
Data access narrative
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