Item details
Item ID
KK1-0978
Title Woi hkawhkam a lam (The king of monkeys) with English translation
Description Translation (Htoi San)
The story is about the monkey king. Once upon a time, there was a monkey king in a big forest. The troop of monkeys was many, which lived with him. The monkey king ruled them so that he did whatever he liked and said whatever he wanted. The monkey king governed a considerable troop of monkeys which consisted of all the monkeys in that forest, including many female monkeys. Those female monkeys gave birth to baby monkeys one after another when the time came. When a new female infant was born, the king did not say anything. When the female monkeys gave birth to the male infants, the king killed them all. So all the monkeys from the whole forest explored who would give birth to a male or a female because they knew that it would be killed if the infant was a male. At that time, one mother monkey was pregnant. She was worried that if she bore a male, the monkey king would kill it. Therefore, she decided to run away from that forest. She resided in another forest. After living there for a time, she gave birth to an infant monkey. That infant was really a male monkey. She remembered that she could not go back to her old forest as she delivered a male monkey. So she lived there with her baby. But her son was growing day by day. Her baby asked her as they lived only by themselves. "Mother, there are only two of us here, and I am not happy." "There are only two of us, which makes me so lonely. I have never seen what I can call father, and I want to meet with many friends," told her son. "Where are my father and my friends?" Mother did not say anything at first. She did not tell him anything, but the son asked her again and again. Mother told her son, "My child, you can't go back to your father, and you can't live with him. If you go back to him, he will kill you because you are a male." "Before you were born, when other mother monkeys bore babies, your father kept the female babies, but he killed all the male babies." "That's why I brought you here to stay alive," explained the mother. Even though the mother clarified everything to her son, he did not accept it as he grew older. "Let's go back to my father. I know how to stay with him. I will stay alert of how my father will do bad to me. If he does, I will know and remember how I can handle it. Just go back to my father to meet," the son insisted then the mother brought him back to his father. She led the way directly to the monkey king. When the mother and the son reached the monkey king, he welcomed them happily. "Oh dear, come come, my son, you are already grown up," hugged his son and accepted. While the father was hugging his son, the father grasped his neck. At that moment, the son tried to release from grasping his neck, he struggled with all of his strength, and he could manage to escape. Then, the father could not kill the son. The father realized that he could not kill his son with his own strength and was thinking that no matter how it took to be able to kill his son. So, the monkey king used his brain and determined deeply. "E, my child, you are the most trustworthy child." "That's why, go and take lovely flowers from the lake over there for me," the monkey king ordered his son. So the son went there. When he reached beside the lake, the flowers were not on the side of the lake. They were in the middle of the lake. There was a dragon in that lake. He checked the footprints, but he only saw them leading to the lake. He did not see any footprints coming out from that lake. So he thought and remembered, "That's why no one escapes whoever goes into the lake. If I go into it, and my life cannot be survived." He thought and thought, "How can I pluck this flower?" "I have to get that flower. My life also gets through it." He was thinking of jumping across from this side to the other side and jumping back from the other side to this side of the lake to pluck the flowers. So he jumped across from this side to the other side with all of his power and plucked flowers, then he jumped across back from the other side to this side and plucked flowers. After he did that 3, 4, 5 times, he got enough flowers to bring back. After getting flowers, he sat beside the lake, cleansing and binding them. While the son was busy tidying the flowers, the dragon from the lake thought, "He did not come into the lake and got the flowers from my lake. Who is he?" - the dragon curiously protruded and looked at him. The dragon came out from the lake and saw a male baby monkey cleansing and tidying the flowers. As the son sat down and the dragon saw him, "A ga, baby monkey, how could you pluck the flowers which grew in my lake? You are so smart that you did not come into the lake, and you got those." "There were many baby monkeys who came before you were all male. One after one, they came in, but I could eat them all." "Now, I can't eat you. You are free," said the dragon. "Then, I want to know who ordered you to do this." The son replied, "There is a monkey king from the forest where I inhabit, and he wants to destroy all the male monkeys. So he commands all this." "That's why, now he asked me to do this to let you, the dragon, eat me. But I did like this not to be eaten by you," explained the son. "If so, I will send you back to the monkey king by myself. Let's go back with me," told the dragon. The baby monkey agreed to the dragon, and they both really went back together. They went directly to the monkey king, who was the head of the forest. But the king thought that the dragon from the lake ate the son, and the son could not come back. The king was happy with his thought, and he saw the son came back holding flowers. The king looked carefully at who he came back with then saw the dragon. Due to his evil intentions and mindsets, he thought this dragon came to eat him. He was shocked and scared, then he died there on the spot. So the monkey boy who plucked the flowers led the troop of monkeys from that forest happily, and he became the good monkey king.

Transcription (Lu Awng)
Ya ngai bai hkai na maumwi gaw woi hkawhkam a lam re. Moi shawng de da maling kaba langai mi kaw e woi hkawhkam langai mi nga ai da. Shi hte nga a woi u nawng ni mung grai law ai da. Dai kaw gaw shi up sha shi a ra ai hku galaw, shi ra ai hku tsun re na hkawhkam kaba tai taw nga ai da. Dai kaw e woi u nawng ni mung u nawng kaba mi nga ai re majaw gaw dai maling kaw na woi ni mahkra hpe up ai re majaw dai woi u nawng ni kaw woi yi ni mung grai law ai. Dai woi yi ni gaw i langai hte langai re na shanhte na aten du ai shaloi gaw kasha hkai hkai na hku re nga. Retim mung da ndai kasha hkai ai shaloi woi yi hkai jang e gaw woi hkawhkam wa hpa n tsun ai da. Woi la bai hkai ai shaloi gaw ndai woi hkawhkam wa gaw shi sat kau kau re da. Dai maling ting na woi ni kaw na gara wa woi kasha hkai yang e woi la re na, woi yi re na dai sagawn la na, woi la re shagu shi sat kau kau re da. Dai shaloi gaw shi dai ten hta e woi kanu langai mi gaw shi ma hkum re ai da. Dai shaloi gaw shi e ngai shangai dat ai woi la re yang gaw a la kasha re yang gaw ndai woi hkawhkam ndai sat kau ya na re ngu shi myit ai majaw shi gaw dai maling kaw na shi hprawng mat wa ai da. Hprawng mat wa na oh laga maling de sa nga mat ai da. Dai kaw sa nga re tsawm ra na ai shaloi gaw woi kasha hkai sai da. Dai shaloi kaja wa nan shi hkai ai woi kasha gaw ala re taw ai da. Dai majaw shi gaw woi kasha hkai ai hte ndai shi nga ai maling de nmai wa ai re lam shi dum ai majaw shi dai kaw sha shi kasha hte nga taw nga ai nga. Retim mung shi na kasha gaw lani hte lani kaba wa sai da. Kaba wa re yang she, kaba wa shaloi gaw shannu hkrai sha nga taw jang gaw ndai woi kasha gaw san ai da. E nu e ndai kaw gaw an nu hkrai sha nga ai gaw grai n pyaw ai ngu da. An nu hkrai sha nga yang grai garen gari i, ngai nye wa ngu hpe mung mu mayu ai, manang ni law law hte mung hkrum mayu ai ngu na tsun ai da. Manang ni hte nye wa gaw gara kaw nga ai kun ngu san ai da. Shaloi jang woi kanu gaw n nan e gaw shi hpe n tsun dan ai. Hpa ntsun dan ai, kasha gaw lang hte lang bai shi hpe san ai shaloi gaw ndai woi kanu gaw ma e na wa hpang de wa n mai ai da, na wa nga ai de n mai nga ai, dai de wa jang gaw nang gaw woi la kasha re majaw shi nang hpe sat kau na ra ai. Shi gaw lai sai ten e nang nnga shi ai ten e retim kaga woi kanu ni lu ai kasha woi yi re jang gaw n sat ai, woi la re jang gaw yawng hkra hpe sat kau re. Dai re majaw nang hpe e nang de e nu nang hpe nang de sa woi nga mat ai she re ngu tsun dan ai da. Retim mung ndai kasha gaw kaba wa magang nhkraw ai da. Wa hpang de she wa ga, ngai chye nga ai, wa ngai hpe e nkaja ai hku gara hku galaw wa na kun ngu ai hpe mung ngai maja na re nga ai, wa ngai hpe galaw yang ngai mung gara hku galaw ra ai ngu hpe ngai dum ai ngai chye ai, wa hte hkrum hkra she wa ga ngu na kanu hpe tsun ai shaloi gaw ndai kanu gaw woi wa sai da. Woi wa re na she ndai woi hkawhkam hpang de nan nan woi wa sai. Dai de wa ai shaloi gaw e woi hkaw hkam mung grai re na shi gaw kabu gara re na hkap tau la ai da. Ga a wa rit wa rit, nye kasha grai pyi kaba sai re nga ngu na ahpum la re na shi gaw hkap tau la ai da. Hkap ahpum la re na she kasha a du manat wa na hku re nga, shaloi jang she shi kasha gaw kawa du manat wa ai kaw na bai lawt lu hkra shi n gun tup re na bai lu lahpre mat wa ai ngu, lahpre n gun dat lu ai hku re nga. Shaloi gaw kawa gaw kasha hpe e nlu manat sat sai. Dai re majaw gaw aw ma ndai hpe nye n gun hte sha gaw nlu sat nga ai ngu hpe shi bai myit re na she ma ndai hpe ngai lu sat hkra gara hku retim galaw ra ai ngu na shi myit ai da. Shing re na shi gaw baw nu daw sai da. E ma e nang gaw grai wa grai kam gying ai kasha she re nga ai. Dai majaw wa a matu nang oh ra maga de nga ai nawng kaw e nampan grai tsawm ai nga ai dai wa a matu sa di wa u yaw ngu tsun dat ai da, shangun dat ai da. Shaloi gaw ndai woi gaw dai de sa mat wa ai da. Nawng de sa mat wa re shaloi gaw dai nawng kaw du yang e she dai nawng mahka kaw du yang kaja wa nampan dai gaw nawng makau kaw re nre taw nga da, oh nawng kaang kaw she tu taw ai da. Dai nawng dai kaw mung baren rawng ai da. Shaloi jang she dai de e sa wa, lagaw hkang yu yu yang mung nawng de e yu wa ai yu wa ai lagaw hkang sha hkang taw ai da. Nawng dai kaw na pru wa ai lagaw hkang nnga ai da, dai majaw shi bai myit dum ai, dai majaw ga ndai kaw gaw nawng ndai kaw shang sai ni kadai mung n lawt ai she re sam ai, ngai mung nawng ndai kaw shang yang gaw ngai mung nye asak lawt na nre ngu na dai hku myit la ai da. Dai hku myit la ai shaloi gaw ndai woi ndai gaw myit sai da, ngai ndai nampan hpe ngai gara hku lu di na i ngu na shi myit la ai majaw gaw ndai woi la kasha gaw shi myit sai. Ndai nampan hpe ngai lu ra ai, nye asak mung lawt ra ai ngu na shi myit la na, ndai nawng ndai hkran kaw na oh ra hkran de gumhtawn rap oh ra hkran kaw na ndai hkran de bai gumhtawn rap re na dai hku na di la ngu na myti ai da. Shing rai na shi gaw ndai hkran kaw na oh ra hkran de n gun atsam htum re na gumhtawn rap let gumhtawn wa let nampan di la, oh ra hkran kaw na ndai hkran de bai rap let gumhtawn let nampan bai di la re na dai hku galaw ai da. Shi dai hku galaw ai 3, 4, 5 lang galaw jang e gaw shi hpai wa na matu nampan gaw law sai da. Shing rai na nampan ni lu di la re na, ndai wa na maga nawng hkyin gau maga de e nampan dai ni hpe tsan dinghtum re na dai kaw wa dung nga ai da. Wa dung nna nampan galaw taw nga ai shaloi gaw ndai nawng kata kaw rawng nga ai baren gaw shi bai myit ai. Ga a ya ndai nawng kaw mung nshang re wa mi, ndai nye nawng kaw na nampan lu di mat wa ai gaw kadai wa re kun ngu shi gaw pru dap sa wa yu ai da. Dai nawng kaw na pru sa wa yu yang she kaja wa nan dai nawng makau kaw e woi la kasha langai mi gaw shi di la ai nampan ni hpe tsan dinghtum na nga ai da. Dung nga ai da, dai hpe e ndai baren wa gaw dai hpe mu na she, a ga a woi kasha nang gaw ndai nye a nawng kaw e tu ai nampan hpe nang gara hku na di la lu ai re ta? nawng de mung n shang hkra re na di la lu ai gaw nang gaw grai ram ai she re nga sai. Shawng de na shawng hkan e mung woi kasha ni woi la kasha ni hkrai hkrai re, grai re na langai hte langai re na grai shang ga sai re, retim mung dai ni mahkra hpe gaw ngai sa kau lu ai re. Ya nang hpe gaw ngai nsha lu sai, nang gaw lawt mat sai ga re nga ai ngu da. Shing ngu na she ya nang hpe e ndai hku di shangun ai gaw kadai re ta? ngu san ai shaloi gaw ngai gaw ngai nga ai maling kaw woi hkawhkam nga ai, ndai woi hkawhkam gaw woi la kasha ni yawng hpe e shi sat kau mayu ai re, dai majaw gaw ndai de shangun ai re nga ai da. Dai majaw ya ngai hpe mung nang baren wa ngai hpe sha kau u ga nga na ngai hpe shangun ai re nga, retim ngai nang sha kau n hkrum hkra ngu na ngai ndai hku na di la ai re ngu na tsun dan ai shaloi dai hku nga yang gaw nang hpe shangun ai hkawhkam wa kaw e ngai nan nan wa sa na, ngai hte rau wa ga ngu na tsun ai da. Dai hku tsun ai shaloi gaw ndai woi kasha gaw mai ai ngai hte rau wa ga ngu na kaja wa nan shan 2 wa ai da. Shan 2 rau wa re yang she ndai woi hkawhkam nga ai maling du wa, woi hkawhkam nga ai kaw nan nan du wa ai shaloi gaw, kaja wa nan woi hkawhkam hkap yu yang wa she shi gaw nwa na sai, dai baren nawng kaw na baren sha kau na sai ngu na myit ai. Myit pyaw taw yang she woi la kasha dai gaw nampan hpai na wa ai da. Shi hte wa ai atsawm sha kadai re kun ngu hkap yu yang gaw baren re taw nga ai da. Dai re majaw mi shi n kaja ai hku shangun kau dat ai, n kaja ai myit rawng na shangun ai re majaw aw ngai hpe e baren ndai wa sha kau na matu re sai ngu na shi a myit hta dai hku kalang dat myit kahpra mat nna kajawng mat nna ndai woi hkawhkam wa gaw dai kaw si mat ai da. Shing rai na ndai nampan hpe di wa re woi la kasha gaw ndai kaw nga ai maling kaw nga ai woi u nawng ni hpe grai pyaw hkra re na up hkang nna shi woi hkawhkam bai tai mat re na hkai ma ai.
Origination date 2017-02-13
Origination date free form
Archive link https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/repository/KK1/0978
URL
Collector
Keita Kurabe
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Language as given Jinghpaw
Subject language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Content language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Dialect Standard Jinghpaw
Region / village Northern Myanmar
Originating university Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Operator
Data Categories primary text
Data Types Sound
Discourse type narrative
Roles Keita Kurabe : depositor
M. King Nang : speaker
DOI 10.4225/72/5989e7b9e98e1
Cite as Keita Kurabe (collector), Keita Kurabe (depositor), M. King Nang (speaker), 2017. Woi hkawhkam a lam (The king of monkeys) with English translation. EAF+XML/MPEG/VND.WAV. KK1-0978 at catalog.paradisec.org.au. https://dx.doi.org/10.4225/72/5989e7b9e98e1
Content Files (3)
Filename Type File size Duration File access
KK1-0978-A.eaf application/eaf+xml 31.6 KB
KK1-0978-A.mp3 audio/mpeg 9.68 MB 00:10:35.924
KK1-0978-A.wav audio/vnd.wav 350 MB 00:10:35.912
3 files -- 359 MB -- --

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Collection Information
Collection ID KK1
Collection title Kachin folktales told in Jinghpaw
Description Recordings of Kachin folktales and related narratives in Jinghpaw. These materials were collected by Keita Kurabe, Gumtung Lu Awng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, Labang Tu La, Gumtung Htu Nan, and Lashi Seng Nan as part of community-based collaborative fieldwork in northern Myanmar. A total of 2,491 stories with 2,481 ELAN files, 2,481 transcriptions, and 1,426 translations are currently available (October 19, 2024). Transcriptions were contributed by Gumtung Lu Awng, Pausa La Ring, Galang Lu Hkawng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, and Keita Kurabe. Stories were translated by Nbanpa Rita Seng Mai, Sumlut Gun Mai, Lazing Htoi San, Maran Seng Pan, Dumdaw Mike Tu Awng, Nhkum Htoi Awng, and Keita Kurabe.

Animated stories are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK3
https://www.youtube.com/@kachinfolktales
https://www.facebook.com/KachinStories

Other Kachin culture and history are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK2

Our research was made possible under the support of JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17H04523, JP20K13024, JP20H01256, JP24K03887, Linguistic Dynamics Science 3 (LingDy3) from Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (TUFS), and JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers "A collaborative network for usage-based research on lesser-studied languages."
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Languages To view related information on a language, click its name
Access Information
Edit access Nick Thieberger
Keita Kurabe
View/Download access
Data access conditions Open (subject to agreeing to PDSC access conditions)
Data access narrative
Metadata
RO-Crate Metadata
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