Item details
Item ID
KK1-0632
Title Jahkrai ma lahkawng (The two orphans) with English translation
Description Translation (Htoi San)
I am telling a story about two boys who lost their mother, and their father got a new wife. A long time ago, a man married a woman and had two boys. After that, the mother died. Their family had difficulties with the father and two boys. So the father married another wife. The stepmother was so evil, fierce, and she did not like the two boys. She pretended to like the boys in front of the father, but she maltreated them behind their father. She did not feed the two boys well and only rubbed the rice here and there. The children were hungry and cried, "I am hungry. I am starving." When the father came home, he told his wife, "Children's mother, feed the children." The wife responded, "Check your children how much they ate or not. There is rice sticking in their mouths." But the two children kept on saying they were hungry. The stepmother did not like the boys. At last, she ordered her husband, "You bring your children to the forest and abandon them. Suppose you don't do that, I will go home instead." The father was confused that he loved his children; on the other hand, he feared his wife returning to her home. The stepmother told the father to kill the boys. However, the father loved his two boys. So he thought of a way. One day, the father got up early and carried food for lunch. He planned to bring the two children to the forest and leave them there so they would wander and could not come home. In their family, they had a mother dog. The father and two boys went to the forest bringing food and water. The dog was also following them. The bitch went behind them. When they reached a far place, the father said, "You two stay here. I go and get wood to cook curry. You wait here." The dog left together with the two boys. The father lied to them and returned home by himself. The two boys waited a long time for their father, but he did not return to them. So they both cried. The two boys were still young. When they were sure their father would not return, they tried to go back home. The dog led the way home. When the boys reached home, the stepmother did not let them in the house, so they had to stay under it. The stepmother placed them under their house. The dog could know the stepmother did not like the boys. The mother dog took pity on them, so it looked for food in the village and fed the boys. The boys also knew their stepmother did not want them. They met their father under their house and stayed there. One day, the stepmother found out about the boys. When she looked down, she found the boys under the house. She said, "Umm, you lied to me. You said you killed your children, but they are there. You are so bad. I am going home." "My wife, I will make sure this time," the father promised his wife. He promised to make it happen. The father confessed his fault. When their stepmother was not around, their father brought them out again. On that day, they did not bring any food, and the father tied the dog up at home. The father said, "Today, we are going to visit a wonderful place. Just the three of us." Then he led the boys to a deep jungle. When they reached there, the father said, "You two stay here. I go and find the food." But the father did not return to them. There was no dog and no father for the boys to follow. They were afraid when it was getting dark and climbed up the tree and slept there. When they woke up the following day, they came down and walked away hungrily. On the way, they found a fruit tree that looked very delicious, so the elder brother climbed up first and dragged the little brother onto the tree. That tree had many branches. They both climbed up. They ate fruits from that tree. The Pa-lawng spirit rode a big stone and flew fast and soundly, "Wi Wi," then the spirit stopped immediately at the tree root the two brothers were in. The Pa-lawng spirit asked, "Hey there! The two children! Pluck and drop me some fruits." They picked and dropped the fruits, but the spirit was not full. So they dropped the fruits until only one fruit was left. The two brothers had a knife that their father gave them. Their father gave them a very pointed knife. Despite how many fruits they dropped, the Pa-lawng spirit was not enough. The elder brother said, "Hey, gentleman, there is only one left that is sweeter than and more delicious than others before. So close your eyes and open your mouth." Thus, the spirit said, "Alright, fine." The brother asked, "Did you close your eyes?" Then the spirit answered, "Yes, I did." The elder brother poked the knife on the last fruit and threw it into the opening mouth of the spirit directly. The Pa-lawng spirit died there. The two brothers got down from the tree. They climbed and rode on the stone, and when they beat the stick made with silver, the rock flew. They flew and flew, riding on the magic stone. They entered a king's palace in a town. When the giant stone got into the town, it stopped at a public well and blocked it. The two brothers slept at a widow's house who stayed alone. The next day, the people came to fetch water, but they found the giant stone blocked the well. As the villagers could not get the water, they tried to move the stone but could not turn it down. They could not take it down, so this news reached the king. The king heard about the big stone that blocked the well, and it could not fall down even though the whole village tried. The younger brother said, "We can roll it down. We can do it." The elder brother stopped him, "I told you not to tell." But the little brother kept saying, "We can turn it over." Although the big brother stopped his little brother from saying it, the younger one kept saying it repeatedly. Therefore, the widow heard their saying. She told her king, "My lord, from the two guests at my house, the younger one said that he can roll over the stone." The widow told the king about them. The king ordered the window, "Bring him here." The widow asked, "What will you reward him?" The widow said, "What will you give him if he can roll over?" The king said, "I will give him my daughter with many treasures." "Furthermore, I will give my throne to be a king." The king had only one daughter and had no sons. "Alright! Fine." The widow agreed. The two brothers asked the villagers, "Now, everybody go back home. Come back here tomorrow early morning." When no one saw, the brothers sent the giant stone to another place with the silver stick that Pa-lawng spirit held before. When no stone was blocked the next morning, the king did not give his daughter. So the brothers brought back the stone and closed the well with it when there was no one. Although the king promised the second time, he did not give his daughter. The brothers brought the stone back and did not remove it, although the king begged for the third time as the brothers thought the king lied. On the third time, the king announced to the entire village to surely give his daughter. When the brothers got the promise, they removed the stone. This time, the king had to give the princess to the brothers and also his throne to them. Therefore, they were so happy and lived in the palace. After many years, the parents of the two brothers did not die yet. They went to places to find food, and when they heard there were many wealthy people, they decided to go and ask the kings from that country. Then they went there. Their parents did not recognize their sons as they left when they were young. The father and mother did not remember them. However, the boys recognized their parents. The two brothers remembered as their parents did not want them, but they took pity on their father. However, they did not like their stepmother and had pitiful minds. They did not want to give money packages to their hands. So they arranged to put the things to give their parents in a far, far, musty place. "When you reach the place to take things, you need to walk, looking at the ground carefully later," they told their parents. The parents did not look at the ground as they told them and looked at the other place, so they passed where the two brothers put the money. The brothers thought, "Alright, we cannot place it there. We have to hang up for the next time." The parents came back to them and asked again. "When you are on the way back home, look up the pace where you passed last time," the brothers told their parents. At that time, the parents looked down. Therefore, they did not get anything. Their parents kept asking repeatedly, and they also pitied them. So they thought of another way for the next time. They put honey and things and caught and put the queen bees in a container. They gave them two buffaloes too. And then they packed lunch for their parents. The brothers arranged lunch packs for them as they thought the gift might be insufficient. Therefore, they gave them food for their lunch. They also passed the gold packages and silver packages. The brothers also put the presents that the parents did not get previously and told them not to come back again. The parents left after getting the gifts. The brothers told their stepmother, "When you eat your lunch, tie this buffalo on each of your legs." They opened and ate their lunch packs, and the mother did as the brothers told her. After eating, they planned to open the honey container. When they opened the container, bees came out from it and stung the two cows. The cows were shocked and ran in opposite directions. The mother's two thighs were torn apart. The stepmother died there. Their father was left alone. The story ended here. Therefore, when we did not want to take care of orphans or children from the first wife, our lives could be shortened, and we could die early.

Transcription (Lu Hkawng)
Kanu nlu mat na hpang num kanu bai lu ai Jahkrai ma lahkawng a lam re, ngai hkrai na maumwi gaw, moi da la langai mi gaw madu jan la nna dinghku de kasha la kasha lahkawng lu yang madu jan si mat ai da. Shingrai nna dai ma yan nau ni hte shanwa ni hkrai sha yak ai majaw kanu langai mi la ai da. Dai kanu gaw grai n kaja grai matse ai shawng na num jan lu da ai kasha yan e nra ya ai da. Madu wa a man e gaw grai ra ai hku di madu wa nmu, mayan nau hkrai sha rai jang gaw grai zingri sha ai da. Shat jaw yang mung, shat jaw yang mung atsawm sha di njaw na nang hkan achya hkrai achya ya re she kasha yan gaw shat kaw si ai shat kaw si ai ngu hkrap jang kawa wa yang she " Ning nu e ma hpe shat jaw u le" nga " Na kasha kade shat sha nsha aw n-gup hkan kap ai yu yu u le' nga nga re ai da. Shaloi gaw aw dai hku rai kasha yan gaw shat kaw si ai hku tsun re eh kasha, kasha yan hpe nra ai gaw hpang jahtum e gaw kade daram na du wa i nga yang gaw " Na kasha yan hpe aw nam de sa kau u dai nrai yang gaw nang dai ma dai yan hpe sha nsa sa kau yang gaw ngai mahtang wa mat na " ngu ai da. Ngai mahtang wa mat na nga jang she shi gaw myit gaw myit yu sai da law kasha hpe mung tsawra madu jan wa mat na hpe gaw bai hkrit re sat kau u ngu ai da kasha yan hpe sat kau u ngu yang she sat kau gaw nja kasha yan hpe gaw tsawra rai na she shi gaw myit sai da lani mi gaw lani mi gaw jahpawt jau jau hta e shani shat ni makai gun rai na she eh nam de e grai tsan ai de sa sa kau nna nchye pru mat wa nna dam mat na hku myit ai da kawa gaw kaja wa sha gwi kanu ma langai mi lu ai da dai wa she dai shan wa ni shani shat ni hka ni gun rai na nam de sa mat wa yang she gwi ma hkan nang ai hku da gwi kanu ma hkan nang rai jang she nang kaw grai tsan sai nga kaw " Nang kaw nga u Wa aw si mai shadu na matu hpun naw sa tam la se ga yan nau nang kaw naw nga u yaw ' ngu yang dai gwi gaw ma yan hte nga nga ta na hku nga shing ngu masu kau da na Kawa gaw nta de wa mat sai da. Nta de wa mat jan du Kawa hpe lat jin tim Kawa n pru wa rai jang she shan nau gaw hkrap sai da hkrap nna she gara i hku naw kaji na hku rai nga kaning raitim Wa nwa sai ga re nta de wa gaw kaja wa sha wa yang she dai gwi wa she lam madun na bai woi wa da bai woi wa yang she n hku de nwoi shang le npu kaw wa tawn da ai da law dai wa she npu kaw wa tawn da wa she gwi dai mung she nchye i ndai Kanu nra na sa kau chye na hku rai nga shaloi gwi kanu e matsan dum nna she htaw mare hkan na shat ni hkan tam la nna she npu kaw wa jaw sha wa jaw sha ma dai yan nau hpe wa jaw sha sha rai nga la, sha kasha yan mung kanu nra ai re chye nna shat mu sha rai nga dai npu kaw shan wa ni a n pu kaw nga nga re da dai she kalang mi gaw Kanu kaning re ma mi mu ai mi re gaw le n pu de yu dat yang wa kasha yan wa nga taw nga jang " Hum nang le masu sha ai kasha sat kau sai nga na,le gaw na kasha ni le kaw nga nga ai le nang grai nkaja ngai wa mat sa na " ngu jang she " E ning nu e ndai lang gaw hkrak sha shateng sana" ngu ai da. Hkrak sha shateng sana ngu na she bai yin la na she lani mi bai Kanu nnga ai shaloi bai dai kasha yan hpe dai shani gaw hpa sha hpa mung n-gun sai da sha hpa mung n-gun ai sha gwi hpe mung nta kaw gyit dun kau da na she shan wa ni masum " He dai ni gaw grai pyaw ai shara de e chyai hkawm na re an wa ni" ngu nna she shing ngu nna woi sa nna ya gaw ram ram shim ai maling rai sai ngu na du yang she " Nang naw nga yaw Wa jahkring mi sha hpa naw tam la na " ngu sha hpa sa tam na ngu na sa mat wa ai lata n-pru wa mat ai da. Dai shaloi gaw gwi mung nhkan nang Kawa mung nhkan nang re mat ai re majaw gaw nsin sin mat nna shan nau hkrai sha hkrit nna she hpun langai mi kaw e lung dung yup ai da lung dung yup nna hpang,hpang jahpawt n htoi htoi jang bai yu rai yang bai shat kaw si rai na hkawm mat wa shaloi hpun langai mi namsi grai mu na zawn san ai hpun dai kaw lung rai kanau wa mung gang shalun la rai la-kying mung grai kying ai hpun dai kaw lung ai da lung nna she namsi dai ni di sha rai nga yang wa she Pa-lawng sanam wa she nlung grai kaba jawn na wa wi wi nga na wa dai shan nau e lung ai hpun pawt kaw wa ( Zak) rai di hkrat na she " Hey htaw ra, ma htaw ra yan dai namsi ngai hpe ma di jaw u " ngu yang she di jaw hkrai di kade di jaw tim nlaw sha hkraw namsi gaw langai sha ngam sai da. Shaloi gaw shanau gaw aw Kawa n-hkyi ( da-myawng) langai mi ma jaw da ai da kasha yan hpe n-hkyi ( da-myawng) langai mi grai masen ai dai ma jaw da re she dai namsi gaw di jaw ma wa Pa-lawng sanam gaw nhkru hkraw rai na she kahpu kaba wa gaw ning ngu ai da " E myitsu wa e ya gaw namsi grau mu ai grai mi na hte nbung rai hkra mu ai langai sha nga sai dai majaw nang myi di kau na n-gup mahka u yaw' nga da shaloi she " e e e " ngu na she " myi di sai i" ngu " Myi di sai " nga jang myi di sai nga hte dai namsi langai sha ngam ai wa n-hkyi ning di chyawp nna n-gup mahka ( te te ) kaw e kabai jing hkyen bang ya ai da shaloi gaw Pa-lawng sanam dai kaw si mat sai da. Si mat jang she shannau gaw hpun kaw na yu wa nna she nlung dai kaw jawm dung yu nna she dai ar she nhpa nhten gumhpraw hte galaw ai ( duk) ma lu ai da ( duk ) dai hte ning di gayet dat yang wa pyen mat wa sai da lu pyen hkrai pyen pyen hkrai pyen mat wa rai yang she le ar she hkawhkam hkaw nga ai mare langai mi kaw du shang wa nna she dai mare ting jawm ja lu ai hka sin-wa kaw she nlung kaba dai wa, lung hpung kaba dai wa wa jahkring kau da na she shan nau gaw gaida jan langai sha nga ai dai kaw sa yup ai da. Sa yup manam hpang jahpawt gaw hka ja sa ai ni wa dai hkaja lam kaw wa nlung kaba ka-pat taw nga nna she hka kaning di nja lu na she mare ting hpu she hpu hpu she hpu mare ting na masha ni jawm galau tim mung nlu galau re yang she nlu galau ai nga mare ting hkawhkam wa du hkra na mat sai da raitim mare ting jawm galau tim nlu galau rai jang she dai kanau wa gaw loi mi naw grau kaji ai " Annau chyawm me lu galau ai i ba, lu galau kau ai i ba " ngu she tsun tsun re " Hkum tsun law nga yang mi " " Lu galau kau ai law an nau gaw " ngu tsun tsun re tsun tsun re na she kahpu hkum tsun law nga tim kanau gaw tsun chyu tsun gaida jan na mat na she tsun dan ai da hkawhkam wa " Hkawhkam wa e nye nta manam ai ma lahkawng re hta na dai kaji ai wa ndai nlung lu galau kau ai da " eh nga ai ngu na sa tsun dan yang she " E sha ga wa rit" nga " Hpa baw jaw na da" ngu yang she galau kau yang hpa baw jaw na da ngu yang hkawhkam shayi sha ma ndai mung ting na sut gan ma jaw na da . Hkawhkam hkaw mung malai galaw shangun na da. La kasha nlu ai hkawhkam shayi sha langai sha lu ai da dai majaw " E rai sa ' nga " E rai jang gaw nanhte yawng wa mat mu hpawt de jau jau hka ja ai aten bai sa u yaw " ngu kaja wa sha kadai nmu ai shaloi dai shannau na Pa-lawng sanam lang ai (duk) dai hte e sa gawn aw laga de sa kau ai da. sa kau na hpang jahpawt gaw nnga mat jang gaw bai n jaw na da yaw hpa njaw mat nna she shanhte nmu yang bai sa lagu gawt sha pat da raitim lahkawng lang ngu na gaw hkrak sha jaw sana ngu dai shaloi mung bai n jaw re she bai sa gawt matsut tawn da ya jang masum lang ngu na gaw kade tawngban tim nkam sai masu sha ai ngu jang she ya ndai lang gaw hkrak sha teng sa na nga kahtawng ting hpe (chye-nya) tawn na dai hku ga sadi la na kaja wa sha bai galau kau ya sai da. Shaloi hkawhkam wa gaw shi kasha shayi sha mung jaw sha dai hkawhkam hkaw mung ap kau rai shannau gaw grai pyaw rai dai mung kaw grai pyaw na nga ai da. Dai wa she htaw ar she grai na mat wa ai shaloi gaw shi Kanu yan Kawa gaw garai n si ai da dai she le ra de e sa tam sha le ra mungdan de na ni grai lu su sahte ai nga nga dai de sa tam sha ga dai hkawhkam wa kaw e lu sha sa hpyi sha ga ngu na sa ai da sa yang gaw yang gaw naw kaji ai shaloi gaw Kanu yan Kawa gaw nmatsing mat ai da Kanu yan Kawa gaw kasha yan hpe nmatsing mat na she kasha yan gaw matsing ai da yaw kasha yan gaw matsing rai she moi annau hpe nra ai shi Kanu yan Kawa re ngu na dum na she shi Kawa hpe gaw matsan dum ai da raitim shi Kanu hpe n-yu ra na gumhpraw majaw ni maw ngu lata kaw gaw nkam jaw matsan gaw matsan dum rai na she htaw ra grai grai tsu ai shara kaw du jang e " Nan yen sa la ai shara kaw du jang e ga de atsawm sha mada na hkawm u yaw hkring na rai jang "ngu yang gaw dai gumhpraw majaw tawn da ya ai kaw du jang gaw le de n-yu ai htaw de dawng na lai mat wa da " E ndai kaw nmai ai ya na htaw ntsa de bai noi da ya na re " ngu na she hpang bai sa hpyi ai shaloi bai " Bai wa yang dai moi na n yen( nan yen ) sa la na shara du yang ntsa de mada yu u yaw" ngu yang she ga de bai mada yu da ga de bai mada mat na hpa nlu sha da shaloi gaw sha a sa hpyi nga yang gaw matsan gaw bai matsan dum rai na she hpang na lang gaw ndai hku bai di sai da ndum kaw e she lagat ntsin ma bang rai na ma hka de gaw lagat kanu ni ma rim bang di na she Nga U loi lahkawng ma jaw dat ai da. Shani shat ni ma makai sha gun ai da rai yang she shani shat ni ma makai sha gun rai dai lu sha, shannau jaw ai lu sha kumhpa n gying sai ngu hku le i, n gying sai ngu hku na chye na na she dai hku di na she shani shat ni ma jaw dat ai da ja majaw ni, gumhpraw majaw ni ma jaw dat ai da shawng e nmu la ai ta tut n jaw dat ai kumhpa dai ni,daini bang ya di na hpang de nsa sanu ga ngu na dai jaw dat re she ya shani shat sha hkring sa jang ndai nga lahkawng e Nu na lagaw maga mi langai langai gyit dun na shat sha mu yaw ngu kaja wa shani shat hpyen sha sai da shat sha ngut na ya gaw lagat ntsin ndum bai hpaw lu saga ngu lagat ntsin hpaw dat yang she lagat kanu ni wa yan hkrai yan pru wa na aw dai nga kanu yan hpe wa, ni e lahkawng hpe wa lagat kawa dat lagat kawa nga kanu kajawng na langai mi aw de rai mat aw de ngai mi rai mat wa kanu na magyi lahkawng brang rai ga mat na Kanu dai kaw si mat Kawa hkrai sha ngam mat ai da Dai majaw maumwi gaw nang kaw htum sa dai majaw tinang Jahkrai ma ni hpe e shawng na num jan a kasha ni hpe nra ai majaw dai num jan gaw asak n galu ai si mat sai da ngut sai.
Origination date 2017-02-09
Origination date free form
Archive link https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/repository/KK1/0632
URL
Collector
Keita Kurabe
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Language as given Jinghpaw
Subject language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Content language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Dialect Standard Jinghpaw
Region / village Northern Myanmar
Originating university Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Operator
Data Categories primary text
Data Types Sound
Discourse type narrative
Roles Keita Kurabe : depositor
M. Lu Htoi : speaker
DOI 10.4225/72/5989e21ff24f9
Cite as Keita Kurabe (collector), Keita Kurabe (depositor), M. Lu Htoi (speaker), 2017. Jahkrai ma lahkawng (The two orphans) with English translation. EAF+XML/MPEG/VND.WAV. KK1-0632 at catalog.paradisec.org.au. https://dx.doi.org/10.4225/72/5989e21ff24f9
Content Files (3)
Filename Type File size Duration File access
KK1-0632-A.eaf application/eaf+xml 96.5 KB
KK1-0632-A.mp3 audio/mpeg 11.4 MB 00:12:31.47
KK1-0632-A.wav audio/vnd.wav 413 MB 00:12:31.37
3 files -- 424 MB -- --

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Collection Information
Collection ID KK1
Collection title Kachin folktales told in Jinghpaw
Description Recordings of Kachin folktales and related narratives in Jinghpaw. These materials were collected by Keita Kurabe, Gumtung Lu Awng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, Labang Tu La, Gumtung Htu Nan, and Lashi Seng Nan as part of community-based collaborative fieldwork in northern Myanmar. A total of 2,491 stories with 2,481 ELAN files, 2,481 transcriptions, and 1,437 translations are currently available (November 23, 2024). Transcriptions were contributed by Gumtung Lu Awng, Pausa La Ring, Galang Lu Hkawng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, and Keita Kurabe. Stories were translated by Nbanpa Rita Seng Mai, Sumlut Gun Mai, Lazing Htoi San, Maran Seng Pan, Dumdaw Mike Tu Awng, Nhkum Htoi Awng, and Keita Kurabe.

Animated stories are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK3
https://www.youtube.com/@kachinfolktales
https://www.facebook.com/KachinStories

Other Kachin culture and history are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK2

Our research was made possible under the support of JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17H04523, JP20K13024, JP20H01256, JP24K03887, Linguistic Dynamics Science 3 (LingDy3) from Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (TUFS), and JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers "A collaborative network for usage-based research on lesser-studied languages."
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Languages To view related information on a language, click its name
Access Information
Edit access Nick Thieberger
Keita Kurabe
View/Download access
Data access conditions Open (subject to agreeing to PDSC access conditions)
Data access narrative
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