Item details
Item ID
KK1-1947
Title Gitnen tu a maumwi (The Chain of Blame) with English translation
Description Translation (Rita Seng Mai)
Once upon a time, there was a bee. He was searching for food in the pleasant weather. The old monkey stole a winter melon from the field and ran off with it. The bee stuck to the ghoul's armpit. The monkey was unknowingly hitting the bee with his hand. It scared the bee, so he stung the monkey. The monkey felt a sudden, sharp pain, so he dropped the winter melon he had stolen. And he ran away. The melon rolled down toward the group of jungle fowl that were foraging. The jungle fowl were shocked when the melon rolled toward them, so they ran away while making clucking noises. Meanwhile, a boar was eating ants. He got scared by the fowl's clucks and ran away. At that time, a squirrel was eating a fruit in a tree. Because of the boar, he also got scared and dropped the fruit he was eating. It fell into the ravine. A crab was searching for food down there in the water. The fruit fell right onto him and caused one of his legs to come off. The crab's leg floated along the river. At that moment, a group of kids was drinking water from the river. One of the girls accidentally swallowed the crab's leg, and it got stuck in her throat. Unfortunately, she died. When the elders found out about the girl's death, they told her friends, "How did she die? You killed your friend, didn't you?" Her friends explained, "No, we didn't. She died while drinking water. We didn't even touch her." Then the elders called others to investigate the death and discovered that there was a crab's leg in the girl's throat. Then they went to the crab and asked, "How did your leg end up in this girl's throat?" The crab explained, "While I was simply looking for food here with my babies, the fruit fell right onto me and caused my leg to come off." Then they asked the fruit again. The fruit explained, "While I was growing attached to my tree, the squirrel ate me. He dropped me." Then they asked the squirrel, "Why did you drop that fruit?" The squirrel said, "That is my favourite fruit of all time. I was scared, so I dropped it." They asked him, "Why did you get scared?" He replied, "The boar ran away making a loud noise, so I got scared and dropped my favorite fruit. I was even sad." They said, "We should ask the boar then." So they asked the boar, "Why did you make such a loud noise that even scared the squirrel?" He explained, "I saw the jungle fowl cluck and run, so I was frightened and ran away too." Then they asked the fowl, "The boar said he got scared and ran away because of your clucking. Why did you make such a noise?" The fowl said, "We ran away and clucked because the winter melon rolled toward us. We were scared." The winter melon explained, "I was just growing in the field to be food for humans, but the monkey stole me and dropped me." They asked the monkey why he dropped the melon. He said, "I stole it to eat, but the bee stung me, so I got scared and dropped it." They asked the bee why he stung the monkey. However, the bee didn't say anything and simply went into his burrow in the soil. They couldn't ask him anything anymore. Our elders used to say that this is 'the bee's story.' No matter how much you ask, you won't get any information. Our elders usually tell this story.

Transcription (Lu Awng)
Kanen du ai maumwi hpe bai madat yu ga nga jang moi shawng de kanen tu ngu ai shi hkrai n bung bung katsi pyaw ai ten ladaw hta lusha tam sha na nga nga ai da. Shaloi e woilup dingla langai mi mung masha ni a yi kaw na wa hkum si hpe hpai nna hprang gat mat wa ai ten hta dai kanen tu gaw dai woilup dingla a lahpa n pu kaw kap di na shi mung e woilup dingla a lagri hpe chyu nna hkan wa ai da. Shaloi woilup dingla gaw n dum shami shi na lahpa n pu kaw kap ai kanen tu hpe lata hte a byip ai hte kanen tu gaw kajawng nna woilup dingla lahpa n pu hpe kanan gawa ya ai da. Shaloi gaw grai machyi ai majaw woilup dingla gaw kajawng di shi hpai wa ai kahkum hpe tat kau ai da, tat kau na shi gaw hprang kagat mat wa ai da. Re yang gaw dai wa hkum dai gaw galeng hkrai galeng re yang gaw u kanu u gan kanu u hkai woi ai ni woi na nga ai u gan ni kaw bai galeng gale pru wa ai da. Shaloi gaw u gan dai ni gaw wa hkum galeng wa ai majaw kajawng na katek tek nga na kagat hprawng wa ai da. Kagat hprawng wa yang she wa du langai gaw atsawm sha kajin chyai ni kanaw sha na nga ai ten hta u gan ni kaluk hkawm wa hpe na na shi mung kajawng ai hte wuk shuk wukshuk nga na kagat hprawng mat wa re yang gaw dawkala langai mi mung hto hpun ndung kaw kahpai si di sha na nga ai kaw she dai wadu ai wukshuk na hprawng mat wa ai re jang dai daukala mung kajawng na shi makrang da ai kahpai hpe jahkrat tat kau dat ai da. Tat kau dat ai shaloi dai kahpai gaw gara kaw bai du mat a ta nga jang le karaw kaw she lusha tam nga ai jahkan kaw hkrat ang mat na jahkan a ladau lagaw langai mi daw hkrat mat wa ai da. Dai jahkan ladau dai gaw daw hkrat mat na hka kaw tsawt mat ai gaw tam nga ma shayi sha ni hkashin nga ai kaw du re yang gaw tam nga ma numsha ma langai gaw hka grai lu mayu ai majaw hka dagawt lu ai ten hta dai jakan ladau hpe ma-ut hkrup ai da. Dai majaw yu hkraw kaw chya nna shi gaw si gaw si mat ai nga, tamnga ma ni gaw kaning re si ai, nanhte ndai manang jan hpe sat ai re ngu na tsun ai shaloi gaw shi manang ni gaw n re law shi hka lu ai kaw si ai she re, anhte kadai mung n hkra ga ai re shaloi gaw chyoi chye ai ni hpe shaga na yu yu gaw ngu yang kaja wa she tamma mahkawm kasha a yuhkraw kaw gaw jahkan lagaw chya taw ai da. Jahkan ladau dai hpe bai jep ai da, jahkan ladau nang gaw deng ndai ma kasha kaw hpa rai rawng mat ai ta ngu san yang gaw ngai atsawm sha re na hkawm nga ai, nye kasha ni hpe bau nga kata kaw kahpai si hkrat na ngai hpe gayet hkra ai majaw daw mat nngai ngu tsun ai da. Re yang she dai shi gawn ai ni gaw kadai hpe bai san ai i nga jang tam ma salang ni gaw e kahpai si hpe bai san ai da. Kahpai si nang hpa majaw hkrat nta ngu kahpai si mung e ngai pu pu si si nga nga ai ten hta dukala di sha ai, dukala makrang mat wa ai kaw na hkrat nngai. E deng gaw dukala hpe san ra sa ngu, dukala hpe san e duka nang hpa rai ndai kahpai hpe jahkrat kau nta ngu, e ngai grai ra sha ai kahpai si re shawoi shagu sha ai kahpai si re nye lusha majing re. Dai she i ngai kajawng ai majaw tat jahkrat ai re, kaning re kajawng nta? e wa n du ni, namwa ni mana maka wuk shuk nna hprawng kagat wa ai hpe na ai majaw ngai kajawng nna tat kau ai, ngai pyi grai yawn sai ngu. E re yang gaw ndai namwa ni hpe san ra sai ngu, nam wa ni hpe san, nam wa ni hpe san yang mung hpa rai nanhte wuk shuk hkawm a ta? manang she kajawng hkra gaw ngu, e u ga kanu yen nu wa ni katak nna kagat hprawng ai hpe mu ai majaw anhte mung hkrit nna hprawng ai re. E deng gaw shaloi gaw dai u gan ni hpe san ra sa ngu na u gan ni hpe tam na u gan ni hpe mu ai hte san yang gaw gai u gan ni e ndai wa n du gaw nanhte katak hprawng ai majaw kajawng nna hprawng ai nanhte gaw hpa rai katak mi ta? hpa rai hprawng mi ta? ngu she e wahkum taleng wa ai hpe mu nna hkrit nna kajawng nna hkrit di hprawng ga ai ngu tsun ai da. E wa hkum nang hpa rai hprawng ngu, ngai pu pu si si di grai tsawm di nga shinggyin masha malu masha re na matu ngai nga nga yang she, woi lup dingla ngai hpe di sha hprawng ai ta woilup dingla dat dat ai hte ngai kagat hprawng ai re. E deng gaw woilup dingla hpe tam na san ga woilup dingla hpe tam di san, woilup dingla e nang kahkum hpe hpa rai me jahkrat kau nta ngu, e law ngai sha ngai lu na ngu na hpai mat wa she kanen tu ngai hpe kawa ai majaw kajawng na tat dat ai re. Kanen tu gaw nang gaw hpa rai ni woi hpe gawa nta? shi gaw hpa mung nnga na ne ne didi nga na ga nhku de lup tawm lup mye re na shi hpe hpa n san sagawn lu ai nga maumwi re. Ndai gaw moi na salang ni tsun ai gaw kanen tu a shigawn nga ai nga ma ai. Kade sagawn tim shiga gaw dai hpe matu n dim lu ai matu nshapraw lu ai hpe kanen tu a shigawn nga ai ga malai nga ai, dai maumwi hpe moi na ni hkai shalai ai lam re sai.
Origination date 2017-03-30
Origination date free form
Archive link https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/repository/KK1/1947
URL
Collector
Keita Kurabe
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Language as given Jinghpaw
Subject language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Content language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Dialect Standard Jinghpaw
Region / village Northern Myanmar

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Originating university Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Operator
Data Categories primary text
Data Types Sound
Discourse type narrative
Roles Keita Kurabe : depositor
Ndawng Aung : speaker
DOI 10.26278/5fa17218594a2
Cite as Keita Kurabe (collector), Keita Kurabe (depositor), Ndawng Aung (speaker), 2017. Gitnen tu a maumwi (The Chain of Blame) with English translation. EAF+XML/MPEG/VND.WAV. KK1-1947 at catalog.paradisec.org.au. https://dx.doi.org/10.26278/5fa17218594a2
Content Files (3)
Filename Type File size Duration File access
KK1-1947-A.eaf application/eaf+xml 14.7 KB
KK1-1947-A.mp3 audio/mpeg 5.88 MB 00:06:24.478
KK1-1947-A.wav audio/vnd.wav 211 MB 00:06:24.446
3 files -- 217 MB -- --

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Collection Information
Collection ID KK1
Collection title Kachin folktales told in Jinghpaw
Description Recordings of Kachin folktales and related narratives in Jinghpaw. These materials were collected by Keita Kurabe, Gumtung Lu Awng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, Labang Tu La, Gumtung Htu Nan, and Lashi Seng Nan as part of a community-based collaborative fieldwork project in northern Myanmar. As of October 26, 2025, the collection includes 2,491 stories, 2,491 ELAN files, 2,481 transcriptions, and 1,695 translations.


Transcriptions were contributed by Gumtung Lu Awng, Pausa La Ring, Galang Lu Hkawng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, and Keita Kurabe. Translations were prepared by Nbanpa Rita Seng Mai, Sumlut Gun Mai, Lazing Htoi San, Maran Seng Pan, Dumdaw Mike Tu Awng, Nhkum Htoi Awng, and Keita Kurabe.

Related resources on Kachin culture and history are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK2
https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK3
https://www.youtube.com/@kachinfolktales
https://www.facebook.com/KachinStories

This research was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Numbers JP17H04523, JP20K13024, JP20H01256, JP24K03887), Linguistic Dynamics Science 3 (LingDy3), Description and Documentation of Language Dynamics in Asia and Africa (DDDLing), and TUFS Field Science Commons (TUFiSCo), all from the Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (TUFS), as well as the JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers, "A Collaborative Network for Usage-Based Research on Lesser-Studied Languages."
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Languages To view related information on a language, click its name
Access Information
Edit access Keita Kurabe
View/Download access Keita Kurabe
Data access conditions Open (subject to agreeing to PDSC access conditions)
Data access narrative
Metadata
RO-Crate Metadata
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