Item details
Item ID
KK1-0737
Title N-gun ja dum ai hkawhkam (The arrogant king) with English translation
Description Translation (Rita Seng Mai)
Once upon a time, there was a king who thought he was the strongest. I don't know that king's name. I can't tell where he ruled. It's because my father, who told me this story, didn't tell me about it. His palace gate, made of big stones, could only be opened by a 10-foot-tall elephant. However, the king could open that gate all by himself. He could pull the cassava plant, which was growing in his palace compound, by himself. So he was proud of his strength and became arrogant. He boasted himself and said, "There is no one on this earth who is stronger than me!" The queen told him, "My king, please don't say that. There is no one who is the strongest, the most mature, and capable of everything on this earth." She was just trying to warn him. Then the king said, "There is no one who is stronger than me. Go find anyone. If you can't find anyone till noon tomorrow, I will kill you." The queen was worried because she didn't have any time to go further to find the strongest man. She was just crying while looking for the strongest man outside the palace. Then, the chameleon asked her, "My queen, why are you crying?" The queen explained, "My king brags about himself as the strongest man on this planet, so I just tried to warn him not to say that. However, he kept boasting about himself and told me to find someone who was stronger than him. If I couldn't find someone this noon, I would be killed." The chameleon said, "Don't worry, my queen. Take me to the king now, please." The queen was happy after hearing what it said. And she went back to the palace. The king asked her, "Have you found someone?" The queen answered respectfully, "Yes, I have." The king said, "Take him to me right now." Then she took the chameleon to the king. It stuck to the bamboo plant, whose lower part was already rotten. It asked the king, "Are you the strongest man?" The king said, "Definitely." The chameleon told him, "Grab my tail tight. Don't let it go." Then it sprinkled some water on the king. When he opened his eyes, he was already at Hpyi Hpai Garau Para Mountain. (I don't know where that mountain is." The king was lost and didn't know where to go. Soon, he found a man who was building a dam in a river. The man was standing astride the river and breaking the stones with his forehead. The king saw him and regretted his actions. He asked him, "My friend, I am lost here. Can you show me the way?" The man asked him back, "Who are you?" Then the king answered, "I am the king. I brag about myself as the strongest man in front of my wife. Then the chameleon sprinkled some water on me, and I suddenly arrived at Hpyi Hpai Sawk Garawk Para Mountain. So I am here. I don't know how to go back. Please, show me the way." The man said, "Don't worry. There is my brother, the strong man, who is fishing up there. Go there." The king was shocked by the fact that the man was already very strong, but he told him that there was someone who was stronger. He was scared and regretted his actions. When he went up the river, he saw a man who was fishing while sitting on a chair. The sound of the waves was like a bomb. The king asked him, "My friend, please show me the way back to my place." That man told him, "The strong man is sleeping somewhere in that mountain. Ask him. If he is sleeping, wake him up by using a bamboo plant, a hammer, and a gun. When you put the bamboo into his nose, he might wake up. If he doesn't wake up, hit him with the hammer. If he still sleeps, shoot his nose with the gun. Then he will wake up." The king did exactly as the man told him, but the strong man was still sleeping. Finally, he shot him with the gun. Then the man woke up. At that time, the king requested, "My brother, show me the right way back to my place, please. I was bragging about my strength in front of my wife. Then the chameleon did something to me, so I am here in front of you." The man asked the king, "Where do you want to go?" Then the king said, "I would like to go to the village where a hunter called Shau Kang La Mukhkyu." The man said, "Alright." And he demolished five mountains in the west and filled the river till the outskirts of that village. He told the king, "Take this way." The king walked along that way and reached the riverside of the village. An old woman was carrying water there. The woman was using a tree trunk as a yoke when she carried some water. The king told her, "Grandmother, let me move this tree away. This tree trunk is blocking your water." Then the old lady said, "Don't do it. It is just my yoke." So he just told her, "Can you please tell me where Shau Kang La Mukhkyu's house is?" She showed him the hunter's house. The hunter had already heard the news about the king, so he asked him, "Where were you? Your wife is looking for you every day." The king explained everything to him and requested to show the way back home. The hunter told him, "Stay here for today. Let's go hunt some animals in the forest." Then he took the king into the forest to hunt animals. He told him, "My king, we won't hunt any female animals today. We will hunt only male animals." And he played something by using his sling. At that time, many animals, such as elephants and deer, appeared near them. Surprisingly, no animal was female. They shot the animal and prepared to grill it. The hunter told the king, "Pick some wood to build a fire." The king collected only small pieces of wood. Then the hunter impatiently said, "You just sit here. We can't grill this big elephant with that wood. I will just find some wood by myself." He could hold the amount of wood, which was equal to 10 acres, in each of his hands. And he grilled the elephant. When it was cooked, he offered some meat to the king. However, the king couldn't finish a leg. The hunter asked him, "Are you already full?" The king said, "Yes, I can't eat anymore." Then the hunter just sat down and ate pieces of elephant in a short time. He didn't even chew it. He just swallowed it. When he was about to finish eating the whole elephant, he was getting thirsty. The king was thirsty, too. The hunter cut Kang Seng Ndan with his knife, and then the water was flowing from there. After drinking it, he told the king, "We should separate now." He grabbed the mountain in the west and sprinkled some water on it. And filled the soil till the palace. He said, "Take this way. This path will take you to your palace." This story shows that we have an arrogant mindset. We act like we know everything; we are the strongest, the smartest, and the most capable of everything. No one knows everything. The most intelligent, the strongest, or the most capable. In this earth. Therefore, we shouldn't be arrogant and should live our lives by forgiving each other.

Transcription (Lu Awng)
Moi shawng de da n gun ja grai shakawng ai hkawhkam wa langai mi nga ai da. Dai hkawhkam wa a mying gaw ngai ma nchye ai. Gara mungdan na hkawhkam rai ma nlu tsun dan ai. Hpa majaw nga ngai hpe hkai dan ai nye kawa ntsun dan ai majaw mying nlu tsun dan ai. Hkawhkam wa dai gaw gara hku kade daram nga n gun ja shakawng ai i nga yang she shi na hkawhkam wang pat da ai chyinghka nlung hte lungbyen kaba hte galaw da ai chyinghka hpe magwi pay 10 tsaw ai magwi hte she lu hpaw ai da. Retim mung hkawhkam wa gaw shi hkrai lu hpaw ai da. Shi na hkawhkam wang kata na nai kadung hpun hpe shi hkrai lu gang baw ai da. Dai majaw shi gaw n gun ja shakawng wa ai da. Ndai mungkan ga lamu yen ga lapan dat ai ngai ram n gun ja ai gaw nnga na sai nga nna tsun wa ai da. Dai gaw shi a madu jan hkawhkam jan gaw n rai na re hkawhkam wa e hkum tsun nu. Mungkan ga ntsa e gaw chye htum ja htum jin htum kung htum ngu nnga ai ngu na shading sharai shadum jashai yang, nnga ai ngai hta grau n gun ja ai tam su. Hpawt ni na shani ka-ang ja pungting madi du hkra nlu tam jang nang hpe hkawhkam a maint hte mashelaw kalang ta sat kau na ngu amaint jahkrat ai da. Re na hkawhkam jan gaw gara sumtsan sumwa de sa na aten mung njaw re majaw gara de n chye tam nna hkawhkam wang shinggan hku nna she hkrap di wam hkawm ai da. Dai kaw sanen lu ngu myen ga hku ( pauktinyo) ngu ai dai hkap san ai da. E hkawhkam jan hpa rai hkrap hkawm ndai ngu san yang e sanen e hkawhkam wa n gun ja shakawng ai majaw ngai gaw hkum tsun u ngu yang e tsun na da, ngai hta grau ja ai n lu tam jang hpaw ni na shani ka-ang du hkra sha a hkang lu ai ngai hpe sat kau na nga ai ngu. E rai sai hpa nra ai myit pyaw pyaw hte wa su, ngai hpang woi sa u, ya tim woi sa wa ru ngu na tsun dat ai majaw hkawhkam jan gaw grai myit pyaw nna nhtang wa ai da. Hkawhkam wa hkap san ai gaw ya mu sai i ngu mu sai. Hpawt ni nre ya tim woi sa wa rit nga ai ngu, saw deng sa ga ngu sa wa yang oh lam npu maga de kahtan makru daw mi gaw yet mat rai kaw n htang chyaw rai kap ai sanen hkap san ai da. Hkawhkam wa nang i n gun ja shakawng ai nga, re, e sa wa rit. Nang ngai na maitsan koi noi u, grai shaja na noi u lu myi di chyip noi u lol, rai sai i, rai sai da ngu yang sanen e lapri kabai kau ai wa gara de du mat wa ai i nga yang, hpyi hpai garau para bum ngu de hkrat mat wa ai da. Hpyihpai sawk garawk para ngu gaw gara de re ma ngai ma nchye ai, ya ngai maumwi hkai ai re ma nchye ai. Dam dam wam wam wing wing wang wang nga nna dam yawng wa yang gaw hto hka kaba langai kaw madim dim ai n gun ja wa hpe mu ai da. Dai n gun ja wa gaw hka hpe 2 maga lagaw hte lakang shingkrang kra di tsap nna shi na lahtan hte madim hpun dung dit taw nga ai da. Dai hpe wa mu shi gaw myit malai gaw lu she lu wa ai da, e hpu n gun ja wa e lam madun la rit law ngu marawn san yang, ya nang gaw kadai rai n ta? gumja man gaw man pau sa kahtan gaw htan ai gaw ngu san yang, e ngai hkawhkam wa re nngai law. Ngai na ningrum ningtau jang hkawhkam jan a man e n gun ja shakawng ai majaw sanen e lapri kabai kau ai hpyi hpai sawk garawk para bum de du mat wa, ya e nang kaw dam pru re nngai law, ngai hpe lam madun la law, hpa nra ai hto lahta hpung gaw kaw hpu n gun ja wa nga myek nga ai ngu na tsun ai da. Shi pyi dai ram n gun ja ai gaw kahpu n gun ja wa nga naw bai tsun shi gaw hkrit mung hkrit, myit malai mung lu she lu da, kaja wa lung wa yu yang gaw magwi tunghkum hte nga myek nga ai da. Bawm hkrat ngoi ai zawn nga hkaleng kapaw taw nga ai kaw du yang san la ai da. E hpu n gun ja wa e lam madun la rit law ngu san yang dai wa mung bai kalang mi, hto ra bum man 5 hpaw ai hpu n gun ja wa yup di nga ai dai kaw wa san su shi hpe yup jasu na matu gaw kawa yan langai nga ai, shat nga rung shaja sumdu langai nga ai, sanat htumhpau langai taw ai, dai kawa yan hte ladi de shalau ya yang ndum jang dai shat nga rung sumdu hte ladi abyen ya u deng n dum jang sanat htumhpau hte ladi hku de kapaw bang dat ya u deng gaw dum na ra ai ngu tsun. Dai hte galaw tim ndum ladi sha kanun bai yup mat ai hpang jahtum gaw htumhpau hte ladi hte kapaw bang yang she ladi kanun kau na rawt wa ai da. E hpu n gun ja wa e ngai hpe lam madun la rit law, ngai gaw nye madu jan hkawhkam jan a man e n gun ja shakawng ai nga sanen e lapri kabai kau ai hpyihpai e sawk garawk para bum de hkrat mat wa ya e nang kaw du ai re nngai law. Nang gara de wa mayu ai ma, hkawhkam wa ngu san yang gaw shau kang la mukhkyu ngu ai jaugawng kaba wa nga ai mare de du mayu law ngu. E deng gaw re sa ngu na bum man 5 hpaw ai shingdu maga na 5 bum hpe yup nna bran hkum chyan nawng let magra kabai ayai dat ai hto shaukang lam mukhkyu a mare shingnawm de du hkra kabut (myesar) tawng ra ai da. Ndai kabut taw ai yu di wa su ngu nna ndai ngu na matsun dat ai. Kaja wa wa mat ai, hto shaukang la mukhkyu nga ai mare hka daru kaw shawng du ai da. Dai kaw gaw dinggai hpaw mi langai hka ja sa ai da. 5 lam galu ai 5 bik galu ai punghkaw wa shingdoi daw hkrawng shatai di hka ja sa ai. Dai kaw tawn da ai, dwi nanhte bu na hka daru ndai kaw punghkaw kapat taw ai ngai hta kau ya na yaw ngu hkum hta kau nye shu ndai ndwi a shingdoi she re me ngu na hta di doi mat wa ai da. Dwi e shaukang la mukhkyu a nta madun rit law ngu oh ra re nu ai ngu madun, sa wa ai de shaukang la mukhkyu gaw shi mat ai lam hpe na sai re majaw e hkawhkam wa e te hkanwg nga yawng gara hkawng maga hkawng de na hkawhkam num mung shani shagu nang mat ai nga di tam ma ai law, ngu e shaukang la mukhkyu e sanen e lapri kabai kau ai ya dai ni she na du wa re nngai law, ngai hpe lam madun la rit law ngu ai da. E hpan e naw hkring u, shan naw gap sha ga ngu na jahkring she hpang shani gaw woi sa wa ai da. Dai ni gaw hkawhkam wa e shan yi gaw n gap na re, shan la sha gap na re ngu, nam mali kaba de du sai she shaukang la mukhkyu gaw ndan jinghpa dum dat ai da. Ndan jinghpa dum jang magwi hpawlam jahkyi ni shat nga manu mana yan sa wa, shan yi shan yi gaw kanawg kau laja tim nnga mat ai da, shan la chyu gap, gap sumpum tawn, bai hkawhkam wa shan ju shaga ngu hpun hta u yang gaw htun tawng kaji ji re sha hta da, dai de gaw oi magwi gaw gara hku n ju ai gaw, dung nga u hkawhkam wa ngai hta na ngu. Lapai lata hku magawn dat ai, eka 10 ram seng rap, lahkra lata hte magawn dat eka 10 ram dai kaw wan nat tawn magwi tunghkum ni hpawlam tunghkum ni mara ju nna she hkut sai nga yang hkawhkam wa sha yu, shat nga magyi langai pa nma ai da. Law sai i nga law sai, hkru sai i nga hkru sai, ya dung nga u ngai sha na yaw, shaukang la mukhkyu kalang sha yang magwi tunghkum mi hpe baw de maya di yawng mayu kau kau di ai da, hpawlam ni dai hku maya. Sha ma ma re jang hka lu mayu ai ngu hkawhkam wa ngu lu mayu re yang kang seng ndan lu ngu ai n hku kaw nhkyi hte kaboi yang hka pru wa ai da. Dai jaw lu nna ya gaw nang kawn na gaw an lam garan saka ngu nna shingdu maga na bum langai magra lapri kabai dat ai hto hkawhkam hkaw ndaw du hkra kabut taw nga ai da. Ndai hkan nna wa su ngu wa hkawhkam hkaw de du mat wa ai da. Ndai maumwi gaw anhte shinggyin masha ni dai ni du hkra nga ai. Ngai chye nngai, ngai chyang nngai, ngai kung nngai, ngai zet nngai, ngai jin nngai, ngai ja nngai nga ai. Jin ja ai, chye chyang ai lu sut lusu grau htum ai ngu gaw mungkang ga hta gaw htum ngu nnga ai da. Dai majaw gaw manang wa a lawun kaw un nga na (kwint lut ai ti kan ai naik chya) ai ngu gaw mara dat hkat ai ngu gaw madung re ngu lachyum re.
Origination date 2017-02-10
Origination date free form
Archive link https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/repository/KK1/0737
URL
Collector
Keita Kurabe
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Language as given Jinghpaw
Subject language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Content language(s) To view related information on a language, click its name
Dialect Standard Jinghpaw
Region / village Northern Myanmar
Originating university Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Operator
Data Categories primary text
Data Types Sound
Discourse type narrative
Roles Keita Kurabe : depositor
N. Gum Ja Naw : speaker
DOI 10.4225/72/5989e3cc407e9
Cite as Keita Kurabe (collector), Keita Kurabe (depositor), N. Gum Ja Naw (speaker), 2017. N-gun ja dum ai hkawhkam (The arrogant king) with English translation. EAF+XML/MPEG/VND.WAV. KK1-0737 at catalog.paradisec.org.au. https://dx.doi.org/10.4225/72/5989e3cc407e9
Content Files (3)
Filename Type File size Duration File access
KK1-0737-A.eaf application/eaf+xml 28 KB
KK1-0737-A.mp3 audio/mpeg 8.44 MB 00:09:14.448
KK1-0737-A.wav audio/vnd.wav 305 MB 00:09:14.432
3 files -- 313 MB -- --

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Collection Information
Collection ID KK1
Collection title Kachin folktales told in Jinghpaw
Description Recordings of Kachin folktales and related narratives in Jinghpaw. These materials were collected by Keita Kurabe, Gumtung Lu Awng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, Labang Tu La, Gumtung Htu Nan, and Lashi Seng Nan as part of community-based collaborative fieldwork in northern Myanmar. A total of 2,491 stories with 2,481 ELAN files, 2,481 transcriptions, and 1,369 translations are currently available (March 25, 2024). Transcriptions were contributed by Gumtung Lu Awng, Pausa La Ring, Galang Lu Hkawng, Sumdu Ja Seng Roi, Hpauhkum Htu Bu, and Keita Kurabe. Stories were translated by Nbanpa Rita Seng Mai, Sumlut Gun Mai, Lazing Htoi San, Maran Seng Pan, Dumdaw Mike Tu Awng, Nhkum Htoi Awng, and Keita Kurabe.

Animated stories are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK3
https://www.youtube.com/@kachinfolktales
https://www.facebook.com/KachinStories

Other Kachin culture and history are available at:

https://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/KK2

Our research was made possible under the support of JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17H04523, JP20K13024, JP20H01256, Linguistic Dynamics Science 3 (LingDy3) from Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (TUFS), and JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers "A collaborative network for usage-based research on lesser-studied languages."
Countries To view related information on a country, click its name
Languages To view related information on a language, click its name
Access Information
Edit access Nick Thieberger
Keita Kurabe
View/Download access
Data access conditions Open (subject to agreeing to PDSC access conditions)
Data access narrative
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